Tinneke Beeckman became an independent writer after a career in the academic world. She has a PhD in moral sciences from the University of Brussels (VUB), which she followed by postgraduate studies in philosophy and culture (ULB). In 2012, she published her book Door Spinoza’s lens, in 2015, Macht en Onmacht. Een verkenning van de hedendaagse aanslag op de Verlichting and recently Machiavelli’s Daring. She gives lectures on philosophy, and writes columns for De Standaard.